The 1820 Federal Census was a little more detailed.  You'll see that they added categories breaking down the ages of the Slaves and the Free Colored Persons.  This gave them a better picture of how the areas were growing and the actual numbers of people in different races and age groups.  

1)  Name of the county, parish, township, town or city where the family resides.
2)  Names of heads of families.
Free White Males:
3)  Free White Males under ten years.
4)  Free White Males of ten and under sixteen.
5)  Free White Males between sixteen and eighteen.
6)  Free White Males of sixteen and under twenty-six, including  heads of families.
7)  Free White Males of twenty-six and under forty-five, including heads of families.
8)  Free White Males of forty-five and upwards, including heads of families.
Free White Females:
9)  Free White Females under ten years.
10) Free White Females of ten and under sixteen.
11) Free White Females between sixteen and eighteen.
12) Free White Females of sixteen and under twenty-six, including
 heads of families.
13) Free White Females of twenty-six and under forty-five, including heads of families.
14) Free White Females of forty-five and upwards, including heads of families.
15) Foreigners not Naturalized.
16) Numbers of persons engaged in Agriculture.
17) Numbers of persons engaged in Commerce.
18) Numbers of persons engaged in Manufacturers.
Slaves:
19) Males under 14.
20) Males of fourteen and under twenty-six.
21) Males of twenty-six and under forty-five.
22) Males of forty-five and upwards.
23) Females under fourteen.
24) Females of fourteen and under twenty-six.
25) Females of twenty-six and under forty-five.
26) Females of forty-five and upwards.
Free Colored Persons:
27) Males under fourteen.
28) Males of fourteen and under twenty-six.
29) Males of twenty-six and under forty-five.
30) Males of forty-five and upwards.
31) Females under fourteen.
32) Females of fourteen and under twenty-six.
33) Females of twenty-six and under forty-five.
34) Females of forty-five and upwards.
35) All other persons except Indians not taxed.