1850 was the first of two years that they did a U.S. Federal Slave Schedule.  This is the information that it included. 

This is such a blessing for black americans that want to trace their ancestors.  I've been able to help several of my friends by referring to this information! 

1)  Names of Slave Owners.
2)  Number of Slaves.
Description:
3)  Age
4)  Sex
5)  Colour
6)  Fugitive from the state.
7)  Number manumitted (to free from slavery or bondage; emancipate).
8)  Deaf & dumb, blind, insane, or idiotic.