The 1880 U.S. Federal Census is the first decade of census records that was indexed with the Soundex.  This makes it a lot easier to find your relatives even if their last name is spelled wrong. 

1)  Dwelling houses numbered in order of visitation.
2)  Families numbered in order of visitation.
3)  The Name of each Person whose place of abode on 1st day of June 1880, was in this family.
Personal Description:
4)  Color-White (W); Black (B); Mulatto (Mu); Chinese (C); Indian (I).
5)  Sex – Male (M); Female (F).
6)  Age at last birthday prior to June 1, 1880.  If under 1 year, give months in fractions, thus: 8/12.
7)  If born within the Census year, give the month.
8)  Relationship of each person to the head of this family – whether wife, son, daughter, servant, boarder, or other.
Civil Condition:
9) Single
10) Married
11) Widowed, divorced
12) Married during Census year.
Occupational:
13) Profession, Occupation or Trade of each person, male or female.
14) Numbers of months this person has been unemployed during the census year.
15) Is the person (on the day of the enumerator’s visit) sick, or temporarily disabled, so as to be unable to attend to ordinary business or duties?  If so, what is the sickness or disability?
Heath:
16)  Blind
17)  Deaf and dumb
18)  Idiotic
19)  Insane
20)  Maimed, crippled, bedridden, or otherwise disabled.
Education:
21) Attended school within the Census year.
22) Cannot read
23) Cannot write
Nativity:
24) Place of Birth of this person, naming State or Territory of United States, or the Country if of foreign birth.
25) Place of Birth of the father of this person, naming State or Territory of United States, or the Country if of foreign birth.
26) Place of Birth of the mother of this person, naming State or Territory of United States, or the Country if of foreign birth.